John 2 - CSB Tony Evans Study Bible

2:1-3 Though the Old Testament condemns drunkenness (e.g., Deut 21:20-21; Prov 20:1; 23:19-21; 31:4-5), wine is often spoken of in terms of celebration, blessing, and joy (John 2:3; e.g., Pss 4:7; 104:15; Prov 3:9-10; Song 1:2; Isa 25:6; 55:1).

2:4 Jesus’s point was that it was not yet the time to publicly manifest his supernatural activity for all to see. In 2:7-8 he solved the dilemma without advertising his identity.

2:5 We too should do whatever he tells us. The Lord doesn’t explain how he intends to deal with our problems. He simply calls us to obey his revealed Word. Once we do that, we will have the opportunity to experience him at a deeper level.

2:9-10 This miracle of transformation points to the drastic change in people’s lives that takes place when they believe in Jesus and obey his Word.

2:11 John uses the term signs in reference to Jesus’s miracles (see, e.g., 4:54; 6:2, 14).

2:14 Those who’d traveled from far away would need to purchase animals to offer as sacrifices, but sales were taking place in the outermost court of the temple—the court of the Gentiles. Thus, non-Jews who came to worship the God of Israel were prevented from doing so. Moreover, the Synoptic Gospels make clear that the sellers were charging an exorbitant amount because Jesus said they had turned it into a “den of thieves.” They were lining their pockets at the expense of the worshipers (cf. Matt 21:12-13).

2:19-22 He was speaking about the temple of his body (2:21). And though they couldn’t understand him, he was right. The Jewish leaders would deliver Jesus over to be put to death. Then, in three days, he would rise from the grave. His resurrection would indeed demonstrate his authority for cleansing the temple. Interestingly, the disciples didn’t comprehend everything he said either. It would require Jesus’s resurrection for them to grow in their faith and understanding (2:22).

2:24 Jesus would not entrust himself to them because of their spiritual immaturity. They were not yet ready for full commitment to discipleship and public identification with him. Spiritual growth is important because it expands our capacity to experience more of God. Jesus does not relate to all believers the same way.

2:25 That Jesus knew what was in man is a reminder that he can see into our hearts.